6 Feb 2023

Birthday parties


Listen to a conversation about birthday parties between three friends to practise and improve your listening skills.


Before listening



Task 1. Circle the best answer.


1. Charles thinks a surprise party is … 

a. a chance to relax. 

b. too much of a shock.

 c. a different way to celebrate. 

 

2. Marco and Dora agree that … 

a. a 40th birthday is more special than other birthdays. 

b. ageing is a bad thing. 

c. both of the above are true.



3. Charles sees himself as someone who … 

a. prefers to be in the background.

 b. likes to be the centre of attention. 

c. organises nice things for other people. 

 

4. Describe Marco’s feelings about his child’s ninth birthday party. 

a. He’s not looking forward to it. 

b. He’s looking forward to it. 

c. It’s a sensitive topic for him. 

 

5. Why can’t he organise a trip to the cinema for the ninth birthday party? 

a. Children prefer to go rock-climbing. 

b. Another child has had a cinema party recently. 

c. It’s not a good idea to repeat parties from the year before. 

 

6. Charles stopped celebrating birthdays because … 

a. he thinks they’re not suitable for adults. 

b. it became hard to find people to celebrate with. 

c. it’s less fun when you can’t play kids’ games.


 

 

 


3 Feb 2023

Can you find the mistakes here?

Try to find the mistakes in these sentences and write the correct version. I'm sure you can do it!

2 Feb 2023

Grammar mistakes


These are common mistakes at C1 level. Ideally you will not make all of these mistakes.  I would, however, greatly prefer you to make a few of them rather than use too simple sentences. 
1.                  TIME FRAME errors – We need to get rid of the present-perfect-used-in-the past. (NO: Yesterday I have finished the exam.)
We need to get rid of past tenses in the middle of a present-tense paragraph.
We need to use past simple for past time when there is a series of events (the first in a series is not past perfect.).
We need to work on “the future as seen from the past” as in I knew I wouldn’t be able to finish on time. (NO: I knew I will not..)
2.                  GERUND – INFINITIVE errors – These include both distinguishing between cases in which we need the former or the latter (a lot of that is memorization but there are some rules) and remembering how to form a negative infinitive (NOT TO, as in “I hope not to get sick.” You can practice here:  http://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/index.htm
3.                  PREPOSITIONS –  Practise them here: 
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepositions
4.                  RELATIVE CLAUSES – you need to use them, as they help avoid repetition and allow you to write longer, more interesting sentences. Don’t use double subjects. Practice here:    
5.                   LESS COMMON MODALS. There are some modals that you really ought to know by now. Others (had better, may well, etc) are less common. It means that you need to get used to using a variety of them.
6. HYPOTHETICAL FORMS this includes the 2nd, 3rd and mixed conditionals, as well as forms like “wish,” and “if only”
7. INVERSION : One example would be enough for a page- two might be too much. The most common error is with Only. If you begin with “Only by ..” or “Not only” you must invert the regular order of subject and verb. Not only requires an auxiliary as well.
Only by remembering our mistakes CAN WE AVOID making them again.
Not only DID HE lose his keys, he lost his car!
Practice this at : 
http://eoimarisa.wordpress.com/2008/01/28/inversion-exercises-exercises/
8. LINKING WORDS: Like modals, there are some that you really ought to know by now.  While C1 students may struggle with despite vs. although,  it’s important to try to use these. Practice them at :  http://www.vivquarry.com/wkshts/linkwd.html
9. ELLIPSIS AND SUBSTITUTION – again, you need to try to avoid repetition, and these are the techniques used by advanced writers. Find excellent practice at http://aeo.sllf.qmul.ac.uk/Files/Cohesion/Cohesion.html

Writing advice

How to write a written production / written interaction task:

When taking a final certificate test at EOI, you are often asked to write two texts: one for oral production and another one for oral interaction. This can be either formal or informal and on a wide variety of topics. There are a number of things you should take into consideration before you write, while you write and after you´ve finished writing...


1. Before you write

Take a minute to read the task(instructions) carefully and decide what to write and in which style.
Ask yourself the following questions

What do I have to write about? (Content/ check task)
Who is it aimed at?  (To decide on style/check task)
How many paragraphs am I going to write? (Organisation)
What kind of language should I use? (Language/grammar I am expected to use/ check task)


2. While you write

Have into consideration that depending on the writing task you have deal with, you may have to achieve two main purposes, to inform and to entertain/interest the reader. Ideally after going through your text, your readers should have the feeling that they have learnt something or at least that they have had a good time.

In certain type of texts such as articles, it is always a good idea to start with an inviting title and a riveting introduction. Something that makes your public continue reading. It could be a question (that they will only be able to answer after reading the text), or something intended to caputure the reader´s imagination. You are free to be creative when choosing a title but make sure it reflects what the text is about.
As you write remember to stick to your plan, check that you are truly answering the task questions and that you have clear well-organised coherent paragraphs (You shouldn´t start writing about A and end up writing about Z.)
At C1 and C2 level it is also of vital importance to include some advanced examples of the use of grammar as well as lexis (idioms, collocations, sayings.) So instead of saying something like "I had a lot of fun although I don´t normally enjoy jazz concerts" say something like " I had a whale of a time although jazz concerts are not my cup of tea" (idioms: have a whale of a time; not my cup of tea.).
3 After you write
Take your time to proofread. Check for spelling mistakes and see if you have to make any corrections. Make sure that you have used a wide variety of words and if you find one that has been used more than once, replace it for a synonym.

Avoid repetition: Don´t say "I like history programmes, I also like music programmes."
Say: "I´m into history programmes and I also like music Tv shows."

Ask yourself the following questions:
- Have I completed the task? (Content)
- Is my article well-organised? (Organisation)
- Have I used a wide range of vocabulary? (Language)
- Have I used different grammar tenses? (Language)
- Is all the article writen in the same style? (Style)
- Is the article interesting enough? (Reader)



I hope this advice helps to write better and more effectively.




More tips


To improve your production skills, follow this advice:

Take into account the word limit in a writing paper.
Do not exceed the time allowed in the test.
Do not start writing without having done any planning. 
Do not continue writing for the entire period, but rather spend AT LEAST five minutes looking for “your” kinds of mistakes.

  • Some of these possible mistakes you should look out for are on this CHECK LIST:

Give it a title whenever it’s required.
Divide a different ideas in separated paragraphs.
Use an evident intro, body, and conclusion.
If the writing is formal, avoid contractions.
DO NOT repeat the same word 5 times. Think of a synonym.
DO NOT  use words from the LIST OF BORING WORDS.
TRY TO AVOID repetition of subjects etc. by using ELLIPSIS and SUBSTITUTION
DO use complex sentences (multiple clauses, relative clauses, compound verbs, linking words are all examples of how these are formed.)
DO use linking words and DO use organization to make your writing flow logically from point to point. Linking words show relationships and are well worth studying.  There are many excellent websites on this, one of which is https://www.gcu.ac.uk/gsbs/ldc/academicwriting/ 



For self-study, you may use this website:  click here


Vocabulary mistakes


It is inadvisable to have too much repetition of the same word, and too many errors in word formation will also hurt you. Please study the vocabulary we come across in class and in the book, as it’s quite a lot and will turn out to be useful both directly (if you need it) and indirectly (through word formation).
 
An example of this issue is “difficulties.”
If we do not use our memory, we will have difficulty facing the many difficulties that we find in life.  A person must use past experience to overcome these difficulties and make  decisions about what steps to take when they encounter difficulties. 

When you write this sentence you should be well aware that it’s problematic. The next step to take is to brainstorm synonyms: problems, hurdles, obstacles, crises, challenges, unexpected roadblocks, brick walls, etc.


DO NOT USE boring words: good, nice, very, happy, really, bad,  big, like .. there is a list of these on the fantastic free book at this link: